Lincoln Electric Case Study free essay sample

Running head: LINCOLN ELECTRIC CASE STUDY Lincoln Electric Case Study Edris Holland Grand Canyon University Leading As a General Manager: LDR 620 Professor Brian Johnson July 27, 2011 Lincoln Electric Case Study Lincoln Electric Case Study Questions 1. Does Lincoln follow a various leveled or decentralized way to deal with the board? Clarify your answer and give models. Lincoln follows a decentralized way to deal with the executives. The organization has an open-entryway approach for every top official, center administrators, and creation laborers, and ordinary eye to eye correspondence is supported. Laborers are relied upon to challenge the board in the event that they accept practices or pay rates are out of line. As per (Daft, 2010) open-book the board is utilized in decentralized associations to share the money related state of an organization with all workers. Open-book the board energizes dynamic investment in accomplishing authoritative objectives, enables the worker to see how their activity influences the money related achievement of the association, and permits representatives to see the reliance and significance of every business work (Daft, p. We will compose a custom paper test on Lincoln Electric Case Study or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page 560). . In light of what you’ve simply read, what do you think makes the Lincoln System so fruitful in the United States? Lincoln utilizes a various control approach. Assignments are absolutely characterized, and singular workers must surpass exacting execution objectives to accomplish top compensation. The motivating force and control framework is amazing. Creation laborers are paid on a piece-rate premise, in addition to justify pay dependent on execution. Representatives are additionally qualified for yearly rewards, which vary as indicated by the company’s benefits, and they partake in stock buy plans. A worker’s reward depends on four elements: work profitability, work quality, reliability, and participation with others. Some assembly line laborers at Lincoln have earned more than $100,000 every year. 3. The issue with moving Lincoln’s control frameworks to other national societies is Managers at global plants neglected to meet their creation and money related objectives consistently and they overstated the objectives sent to Lincoln’s supervisors to get more assets, particularly during the downturn in Europe and South America. Numerous abroad administrators wanted to build deals, and laborers were discovered resting on seats on the grounds that insufficient work was accessible. The European work culture was threatening to the piecework and reward control framework. The proposals I would you make to Lincoln’s administrators to make future universal assembling plants progressively effective is the need to mingle the expat as they did the United States specialist expanding the â€Å"buy in. † Team building meetings and training with remuneration motivating forces and functions to expand moral. There ought to be no laborers resting at work and staffing ought to be directed by the work to be done which should be possible by executing work sharing. A social evaluation should be done in each organization and infuse that culture into the vision of each company’s culture comprehensive of nourishments in the break room social socialization rehearses and more tight control. A chain of command framework with space for development and headway likewise could be presented. A program like six sigma control would be helpful to recognize gauge and improve the main concern and consumer loyalty in the organization. . Should Lincoln acquire cash and pay rewards to abstain from breaking trust with its U. S. laborers? Why or why not. No, I accept they ought to cut back and return to what fills in just as framing and controlling alliance to investigate and perhaps get and outside office to assess the issues for authoritative improvement and approaches to expand the company’s grac efully chain. End Lincoln Electric has built up itself in the course of the most recent 100-years as a fruitful organization and an ideal manager. Lincoln Electric has built up a lot of strategies and arrangements that help to make it an attractive business; these incorporate the piece-rate pay program, the year-end reward and motivation program, just as worker inclusion programs. Every one of these devices fills in as a factor between the ward and the free factor. The free factors were characterized as inspiration and capacity work fit while the reliant factors were distinguished as non-attendance, turnover, work fulfillment and profitability will require vital control changes to adjust to the worldwide market to be serious by executing elective ontrol quantifies by re-appropriating to proceed the company’s achievement (Buller Schuler, 2006). References Daft, R. L. (2010). Getting Management. (ninth ed. ). p. 560. Artisan, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. . Buller Schuler (2006). Overseeing associations and individuals: Cases in the executives, Organizational conduct and human asset the board. Bricklayer: Thomson Sou th-Western. Lincoln Electric: A Case Study: Joe Attinello, Cali Cook, Alia Goss, Kurt Oliver, Mark Strom, Mike Torbenson Business 305Linda Gibson. October 7, 2005. Recovered from www. plu. edu

Marketing Conduct of the Superdry Fashion Brand Label of UK Essay - 1

Promoting Conduct of the Superdry Fashion Brand Label of UK - Essay Example This paper shows that Superdry brand is claimed by the Super Group Plc with two brands CULT and Superdry. The brand began its business in 1985 with motivation from the Japanese streetwear having a mix of brilliant hues and graphical prints. The Japanese style was blended in with the British style and excellent design item that caught the market fundamentally. The worldwide nearness of the business in various pieces of the world is introduced in the paper. The organization has extended from utilizing the Wholesale business configuration to the retail position with the procedure of growing incomes and benefits. Superdry has the plan of action of growing its base in the topographical region. An audit of the five years’ income and the business has been delineated in the paper. In spite of the fact that the political states of the UK are steady, there are developing worries in organizations concerning the general political decision and alongside the plausible EU referendumâ to be held in 2015. Likewise, the freedom of Scotland is to represent a challenge.Despite making strides for the recuperation from the monetary mash of 2008 and the expansion remaining at 1.5%, the financing cost is kept up at 0.5%, to help the easing back development. The serious scene is a basic for the business getting, endurance and winning a serious edge. Superdry with its worldwide presence has an arrangement with the scope of serious weights so as to keep up the gainful parity. The main rivals of Superdry incorporate Primark, H&M, New Look and Rivers Island notwithstanding another driving design brand neighborhood and global players in both nearby and worldwide market of its essence.

A Feminist Movement Is Speaking, Acting, Writing Or Advocating - 550 Words

A Feminist Movement Is Speaking, Acting, Writing Or Advocating (Coursework Sample) Content: Feminist MovementStudents NameAffiliate InstitutionFeminist MovementIntroduction Feminists around the globe had diverse causes and goals depending on culture and country. For instance, western feminists claim that all undertakings which aimed at obtaining women's rights should be viewed as a feminist movement. On the other hand, Eastern nations limit the term to modern feminists movement and label the earlier occurrences as proto-feminist (Sayre, 2016). The essay paper, therefore, explains the feminist movement and offers the feminist literature and art that led to the mission. Feminist Movement According to (Sayre, 2016), a feminist movement is speaking, acting, writing or advocating for the sake of womens issues and rights as well as identifying injustice to females. In the US and Europe, it was a social, economic and political quest that aimed at establishing equity for women. The act led to the transformation of the lives of female workers, homemakers, artists, no velists, and politicians while also showing notable impact on the American society in the twentieth century. Women in the US worked in unison to ensure that their right to vote culminated in the ratification of the 1920 Constitutional Amendment to include universal suffrage (Sayre, 2016). Precisely, Valerie Solana was one of the feminists' aspiration writer who produced the SCUM Manifesto that featured 1967 (Sayre, 2016). She was inspired by the distinctive feminist belief that male dominant culture and great art were central to the prolonging suppression of women's civil rights. Further, ladies' groups joined forces to articulate and support Equal Rights Amendment (Sayre, 2016). Feminist Literature and Art that Contributed to the Movement Women who had college educations but worked as homemakers started to articulate their lack of individual satisfaction. Betty Friedan included the displeasure of mothers in her persuasive literature called The Feminine Mystique (Sayre, 2016). T he action led her female counterparts to adopt techniques of raising awareness, demonstration, protest and political lobbying to enhance their agenda. Leaders such as Bella Abzug, Gloria Steinem, and Friedan petitioned politicians to focus on legislation that could improve women's living standards. Besides, Simone de Beauvoir wrote about womens liberation in 1949 and called it The Second Sex, but its translation to English took place in 1953 (Sayre, 2016). Sexual Politics writings by Kate Millet investigated male authors and their insolences to deduce that the US politics was about sex and power imbalance (Sayre, 2016). Regarding art that contributed to the feminist movement, Kara Walker portrayed cut-paper silhouettes of African slaves with white masters in rural plantations. The scene depicted a slave girl wielding a machete, a black woman with a staff on her hand and a shadowy figure escaping from terror (Sayre, 2016). Secondly, The Dinner Party...

Oscar Wilde Art Essay - 1488 Words

Oscar Wilde Art We begin another chapter in the life of Oscar Wilde, the year 1888, many things have taken place, Oscar has been married and bore two children, Vyvyan and Cyril and his touring of the United States and other countries have brought forth success to the literary giant. Some of his successful writings are The Picture of Dorian Gray(1891), A Woman of No Importance(1894) and his most resent essay known The Decay of Lying. Is it true that lying has fallen to its deepest shadow of shame? In the words of Wilde it is shamefully true. How could this type of atrocity take place, it seems that the Victorian society is still under the belief that the Romanticism of life is still coursing through their veins, dead veins as†¦show more content†¦Wildes creative writing is to be used as a outlet to escape from the Realism of life. The definition is to emphasizes the importance the ordinary, the lay person and the simplisticness of lifes varied situations. It seem that the artists, have been rejecting the notion of stories based on the heroic, the aristocratic and firmly excepted the common man and the middle class as a basis for their story. Why must our stories continue to focus on the simple life? It seems that we have learned nothing in the centuries that have past. Wilde stated that the art of writing by some of the best know writers has boiled down to speaking of the everyday housekeeper and their d aily routine. This is type of work is labeled as plain and unworthy of spending another moments time on this subject let alone on publishing it for that matter. Why must every new book, prose, poetry, drawings, painting and even play contain a moral purpose or lesson? Just for a few moments wouldn’t it be extremely pleasurable to escape from the down-to-earth drudgeries of life? Wilde’s hope is that his essay The Decay of Lying will be able to stress this point. In this particular essay Wilde uses his two main characters Vivian and Cyril to explain the ills of the days society. The two are discussing the basic characteristics of life, Cyril tries to convince our writer to takeShow MoreRelatedThe Importance Of Art By Oscar Wilde785 Words   |  4 Pagesthe artist materials for an art† (Wilde 2) and Wilde approached the same in bold and direct ways. In one of his most famous lines, Wilde sets the ground for his novel â€Å"there is no such thing as a moral or immoral book†. When his novel was published in the year 1890, it faced much controversies and condemn. Wilde was charged for corrupting the youth with the ideas of homosexuality and licentiousness. Despite the audacious narrative, Wilde conformed to his beliefs that art should hold an individual positionRead MoreThe Theme of Decadence in the Picture of Dorian Grey by Oscar Wilde1553 Words   |  7 PagesThe theme of decadence in The Picture of Dorian Grey by Oscar Wilde Staring from the definition found in the dictionary, the decadence is a literary movement especially of late 19th-century France and England characterized by refined aestheticism, artifice, and the quest for new sensations. [1] In decadence, important is not necessarily what is seen, but the hermeneutics: what man feels when he sees the creative result of this feeling. It is the current that requires a co-operationRead MoreHuman Connectivity And Response On Art : The Portrait Of Dorian Gray1030 Words   |  5 Pages9 October 2016 Human Connectivity and Response to Art: The Portrait of Dorian Gray Is it the morality or immorality of art that affects our lives, or do we bring that morality or immorality to art? Oscar Wilde’s novel, The Portrait of Dorian Gray, can be seen as a discussion on the effect of art on life and how there exists a unique connection between the morality (or immorality) of art and the importance of human connectivity and response to art. The preface to The Portrait of Dorian Gray existsRead MoreOscar Wilde: A Brief Biography660 Words   |  3 PagesBackground Information: Oscar Fingal O’Flahertie Wills Wilde, son of William and Jane Wilde, was born October 16, 1854 in Dublin, Ireland. Wilde was born into a well educated and literate family, as his father was an ear and eye surgeon who had written multiple books during his practice. His mother was also a writer; she wrote articles relating to Irish nationalism, the rights of women along with multiple poems, essays, and stories (Shuman). Oscar excelled in school and received multiple recognitionsRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray Essay1460 Words   |  6 Pagesbe the theme of Oscar Wilde’s book, The picture of Dorian Gray, art an beauty are both the same, yet they are different. But how can this be? Well, beauty and art are intertwined the moment art is used to capture a sliver of pure beauty, in order to make that moment last forever. According to Lord Henry, â€Å" Yes, Mr. Gray, the gods have been good to you. But what the goods give can easily be taken away. You only have a few years in which to live really, perfectly, and fully† (Wilde Pg. 22). HoweverRead MoreWilde s Early Life, Marriage, Works, Later Years1326 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction (Brief comment leading into subject matter Thesis statement on Wilde) II. Body- (Wilde’s Early Life, Marriage, Works, Later Years) 1. Wilde’s Early Life 2. Wilde’s Early Life 2 III. Wilde’s Best Works 1. Work a 2. Work b 3. Work c IV. Wilde’s Later Years 1. Work a 2. Work b 3. Work C â€Æ' Oscar Fingal O’Flahertie Wills Wilde was born on October 16 of the year 1854, at 21 Westland Row in Dublin. His father was William Wilde and his mother Jane Francesca Elgee. Wildes’s parents were very successfulRead MoreOscar Wilde Research Paper837 Words   |  4 PagesOscar Wilde was an incredibly influential Irish poet, writer, and playwright that changed the way people wrote and the structure of writing. He was one of the greatest writers of the 18th century and possibly one of the greatest writers and wordsmiths of all time. His works earned many awards and high acclaim, even years after his death, leaving a legacy that most people would do anything for. He used a newfound way of writing and presented himself in a enigmatic and eccentric way. His clever andRead MoreThe Influences of Oscar Wilde The Picture of Dorian Gray1582 Words   |  7 PagesThe Influences of Oscar Wilde Throughout his life Oscar Wilde had many strong influences exerted upon him. During his early childhood his mother influenced him and into college some of his professors and certain philosophers left a substantial impression upon him. Into adulthood these influences leaked out in his writing. These influences gave him ample ideas for writing The Picture of Dorian Gray. Wildes study of the Hellenistic ideals of Epicurus, his coddled lifestyle as a child and his devotionRead MoreAnalysis Of The Picture Of Dorian Gray1301 Words   |  6 Pages More often than not, it is hard to face the consciousness of the inevitable. Everyone feels the distress of realizing that time is fleeting and they will soon grow old and wrinkly, no longer their youthful self. The Picture of Dorian Gray, by Oscar Wilde, illustrates this human condition specifically through the main character Dorian Gray. Mr. Gray captures the artistic imagination of artist Basil Howard, who constantly paints portraits of Dorian. Basil usually depicts Dorian as an ancient GreekRead MoreThe English Renaissance675 Words   |  3 Pageseventual commercialization of arts and expression (Grech). Wilde was the poster-child of the men of the new aesthetic movement (Adut); â€Å"The men of the movement were wispy, narcissistic and solipsistic.†(Anderson). Wilde paraded on the indulgence of male beauty and that in the countered-face of Victorianism he acted vain and pretentious according to Himmelfarb, Wilde would not deny this but rather flaunt his vanity. This vanity coupled with his homosexuality made Wilde quite indiscrete. There is no

Seafood Marketing Plan - 1968 Words

Executive Summary The major objective of any company is to make profits. Marketing is responsible for identifying a company’s customers anticipating their needs and wants, satisfying theses needs while keeping the its major goal which maximizing profits Strategic Planning is looking at where you are now, knowing where you want to be in the future and planning the steps to get you there. The Stingrae Caribbean a limited liability company. The Stingrae brand currently distributes seafood products through out Trinidad and Tobago and the Caribbean. Products in the Stingrae line includes:- squid, crab backs, crab meat, shrimps, prawns, lobster (live and frozen), flying fish, white salmon, pink salmon, counter caviar, fillets of white†¦show more content†¦Strengths Weakness Some of the company’s strength’s include: †¢ Strong market share †¢ Unique selling product i.e. it carries exotic products that other suppliers do not carry such as live lobster and squid. †¢ Centralised location †¢ Own storage capabilities reduces cost of storage and is able to control and maintain storage standards †¢ Effective distribution process and †¢ Skills and expertise, leadership and vision †¢ Cohesiveness of the organisation †¢ Owns it delivery trucks and is able to control delivery cost †¢ Accurate portion control †¢ Product availability is based on many environmental factors such as seasons, hurricanes and storms (increases transportation time †¢ Storage and transportation cost and facilities cost must be maintained †¢ Too many Dependencies on external agencies e.g. TTEC for power supply and WASA for water supply for plant operations †¢ Change in the eating habits of individuals based on new research that seafood and its bi-products may contain lead and other harmful products Opportunities Threats †¢ Crab Cakes as a product is an opportunity to supply a product to a niche market †¢ Caribbean Single Market Economy (CSME) is an opportunity to get skill labour from the region as well as launch the product in other markets within the Caribbean. †¢ Change in eating habits of individuals as more people move away from red and processes meats. †¢ A shift in the target market opportunity to promote the product as beingShow MoreRelatedMarketing Plans Serve As The Blueprints For Your Company s Sales Strategy Essay1246 Words   |  5 PagesAccording to Smallbusiness.chron.com (2016) â€Å"Marketing plans serve as the blueprints for your company’s sales strategy.† It also enables a business to provide details plan for the upcoming year so that they will be able to make changes to or evaluate the plan if the market changes. A marketing plan provides all the tactics that a business uses to achieve its objectives in order to gain results in sales. Marketing plan helps an organization to execute its marketing strategy and it also enables them to createRead MoreMarketing Plan5339 Words   |  22 PagesRunning Head: SAMPLE PLAN Sample Marketing Plan for BUSN319 Student Marketing Plan for BAGELS BY THE BAY A Marketing Plan Presented by: Jamie Johnson DeVry University Abstract The marketing plan for Bagels by the Bay covers all the necessary marketing elements for a successful business. It does an especially good job of positioning the business in the marketplace due to a fine SWOT analysis combined with some excellent target marketing strategy. TableRead MoreGrowing Pain8511 Words   |  35 Pagesjust outside of Lee Carter’s office. She must have been talking with Les Finch, Maher thought. Here’s trouble. Of course, it didn’t necessarily mean anything, Maher told himself as he passed the office, waving to Carter. Finch, a well-connected marketing consultant, had been the matchmaker between Carter and Waterway Industries to begin with. With the company in the fourth quarter of its best year ever, he certainly wouldn’t be encouraging her to leave. Would he? Maher got a cup of coffee in theRead MoreAssessment Task 11269 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿ Name- Deepak Saini Course-MBA 1238 STUDENT ID-2196016 SUBJECT- MARKETING ESSENTIALS WORDS-1150/1192(EXCLUDING REFERENCES). Assessment: -1 Introduction Coles is an Australian Supermarket chain owned by Wesfarmers. It is a retailer of food, liquor and convince in Australia. There are more than 102,000 team members across all brands including Coles express, 1st choice liquor superstore, Coles and Bi-Lo supermarkets, liquor land, vintage cellars and spirit hotels. 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Red Lobster originally was founded in 1968 and gained tremendous popularity back then by offering fresh seafood for everybody. They made it easily accessible and approachable. However, over several extremely successful decades of rapid growth and many new restaurants, Red Lobster in 2004 was becoming out of date and out of touch with today’s customer. The company with more than 40-year experience in seafood restaurants, with its new leading CEORead MoreFoods Phillips1058 Words   |  5 PagesIncrease share of seafood sales in warehouse’s by making it part of weekly food. 2. Which trade promotions should Phillips Food offer to make sure grocers stock King Crab products? Defend your choices. The King Crab has only focused in trade shows, in where companies can attract retailers and distributors to start a negotiation and finally to buy the product. Trade shows helps companies to build relations and helps them to keep those relations for long time. 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Racism in the Green Mile free essay sample

John Coffee was not treated with this same fairness during the film. Coffee was convicted and executed for a crime he never even committed. It was evident that racism was a part of his execution when Paul Edgecomb asked Coffee if there was anything he could do to help change the outcome of his inevitable death. Coffee responded by saying â€Å"I’m tired of feeling all the pain in the world. It’s like pieces of glass in my head all the time. Can’t you understand? †. I believe that this quote is referring to the way Coffee feels about being discriminated against on a constant basis. Another example of how racism contributed to John Coffee’s death was the conviction itself. The movie shows how big of a heart Coffee possesses. John Coffee later found the two girls that were killed in the woods. He was so shocked by what had happened that he held them in his hands and began crying because he couldn’t believe it. We will write a custom essay sample on Racism in the Green Mile or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page He was immediately convicted with no questioning. This is clearly an example of racism. Just because the black man is sitting with the two girls doesn’t mean that he committed the crime. The legal system should never make assumptions based on race, but only off of scientific facts. Lastly, upon Coffee’s arrival to the jail, he can already sense that people don’t like him because of his race. Before entering the execution room he tells the guards, â€Å"There’s a lot of folks in there that hate me†. As he enters the execution room many viewers of the execution shouted, â€Å"Kill him twice! Kill that baby raper twice†. Not one of the cellmates attempted to hear his story. The only one that did was Paul Edgecomb. Had more people aken the time to hear his story and take a stand, than Coffee would have made it out alive. It is sad to see that people immediately assume association because of your color or race but that is the world we live in. The death of John Coffee was clearly interrelated to racial issues. Racism seems like it just won’t go away. Malcom X, Rosa Parks and even the great Martin Luther King Jr. couldn’t do away with it completely. As a country we just have to face the facts. Racism is always going to be around. However it is our responsibility as moral citizens to not give in and to take a stand for what is right.

National interest, Nationalism, Federalism, Democracy an Example of the Topic Psychology Essays by

National interest, Nationalism, Federalism, Democracy National interest The national interest is a nation's goals and objectives whether financial, military, or cultural. The concept is an essential one in global relations where recreation of the national interest is the base of the realist school. The national interest of any country is multi faceted. Primary is the survival and safety of the country. The pursuit of capital and financial growth and power is as well essential. Several countries, particularly in present era, consider the preservation of the nation's culture as of big significance. Need essay sample on "National interest, Nationalism, Federalism, Democracy" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Background and controversial problems In early human background of the national interest was regularly analyzed as inferior to that of ethics or religion. To connect in a war rulers required to rationalize the action in these contexts. The first thinker to advocate for the dominance of the national interest is generally known to be Niccol Machiavelli. The practice of National interest was initially observed as being employed by France in the 30 Years' War when it occurred on the Protestant side, even though its own Catholicism, to block the growing influence of the Holy Roman Empire. The concept of the national interest soon came to govern European politics that became severely competitive over the subsequently centuries. States may possibly now frankly embark on wars simply out of self-interest. Mercantilism can be seen as the financial justification of the violent recreation of the national interest. With hegemonic stability theory, the notion of the United States national interest was prolonged to comprise the preserv ation of open sea lanes and the maintenance and development of free trade. These notions turned into much criticized after the bloody disaster of the 1st World War, and the thought of the balance of power was changed with the thought of collective safety, whereby all members of the League of Nations would consider an attack upon one as an attack upon every one, therefore deterring the use of violence for all time. The League of Nations was not able to work, somewhat since the U.S. declined to join and somewhat for the reason that, in practice, states did not forever find it in the national interest to discourage each other from the use of power. (David 1995, p. 1) The events of World War II led to a rebirth of Realist and then Neo-realist thought, as worldwide relations theorists re-emphasized the function of power in worldwide governance. Nowadays, the theory of the national interest is often linked with political Realists who wish to distinguish their policies from idealistic policies that inquire about either to inject ethics into foreign policy or encourage solutions that rely on bilateral institutions which might fail the sovereignty of the state. (Tamir 1993, p. 1) As substantial disagreement exists in each country over what is or is not included in the national interest, the expression is as often raised to justify isolationist and pacifistic policies as to justify dominant or aggressive policies. (Gerard 2005, p. 1) Nationalism Nationalism is an ideology that holds that a nation is the primary unit for human social life, and takes priority over any other social and political ethics. Nationalism naturally makes definite political claims based upon this principle: especially, the argument that the nation is just completely legitimate basis for the state, that every nation is allowed to its own state, and that the borders of the state ought to be fitting with the borders of the nation. Nationalism refers to both a political doctrine and some communal action by political and social movements for particular nations. Nationalism as ideology comprises ethical principles: that the moral duties of individuals to fellow members of the nation dominate those to non-members. Nationalism states that national loyalty, in case of variance, overrides local loyalties, and all other loyalties to family, friends, occupations, religion, or class. (Ernest 1983, p. 45) Types of nationalism Nationalism may manifest itself as part of official state ideology or as a popular (non-state) movement and may be expressed along civic, ethnic, cultural, religious or ideological lines. These self-definitions of the nation are used to classify types of nationalism. (John 2000, p. 1) on the other hand, such categories are not commonly exclusive and many nationalist movements merge some or all of these elements to unreliable degrees. Nationalist movements can moreover be classified by other criteria, for instance scale and location. Background and problems Definite examples of nationalism are very different, the problems and matters are emotional, and the variances often bloody. The theory of nationalism has constantly been complex by this background, and by the imposition of nationalist ideology into the theory. There are as well national variations in the theory of nationalism, because people describe nationalism on the basis of their local practice. Theory and media coverage might exaggerate conflicting nationalist movements, ethnic stress, and war - switching attention from common theoretical issues; such as, the characteristics of nation-states. (Margaret 1996, pp. 18-20) Nationalist movements are enclosed by other nationalist movements and nations, and this may color their version of nationalism. It could focus simply on independence, and disregard other nations. When conflicts occur, though, ideological attacks upon the identity and legitimacy of the 'enemy' nationalism may turn into the focus. In the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, such as, both sides have claimed that the other is not a 'real' nation, and consequently has no right to a state. Jingoism and chauvinism make exaggerated claims about the dominance of one nation over another. National stereotypes are as well general, and are usually insulting. This type of negative nationalism, directed at other nations, is surely a nationalist phenomenon, however not an adequate basis for a universal theory of nationalism. (Eric 1992, p. 12) Federalism Federalism is defined as a political philosophy in which a group or body of members are bound together with a governing representative head. Further defining Federalism, it is a system of government in which self-government is constitutionally divided between a central governing authority and constituent political units similar to states or provinces, creating what are repeatedly called a federation. Proponents are known as federalists a lot. Federalism in Canada means opposition to sovereignties movements generally in Quebec. In Europe, federalist is often used to explain those who support a stronger federal government or European Union government and weaker provincial governments. On the other hand, in recent years in America federalism has come to be coupled with opponent to a stronger federal government. (Rogers 1996, p. 1) Democracy The case for federalism is complex by federalist theory, which disagrees that federalism gives a robust constitutional system that anchors pluralist democracy, and that it improves democratic participation all the way through providing dual citizenship in a complex republic. The typical declaration of this position can be found in The Federalist, which argued that federalism helps preserve the principle of due process, limiting arbitrary action by the state. Primary federalism can limit government authority to violate rights, while it creates the chance that a legislature wishing to control liberties will lack the constitutional power, whereas the level of government that possesses the power lacks the desire. Subsequently, the legalistic decision making processes of federal systems control the pace with which governments can act. The argument that federalism helps to secure democracy and human rights has been influenced by the contemporary public choice theory. It has been argued that in smaller political units, individuals can participate more directly than in a monolithic unitary government. Moreover, individuals disappointed with circumstances in one State have the decision of moving to another. Certainly, this argument assumes that a freedom of movement among States is essentially protected by a federal system. Some U.S. politicians have histories of rejecting civil liberties to black people, women, and others. Conversely, the laws and constitutions of several states have confined such minorities with legal rights and securities that surpass those of the U.S. Constitution and the U.S. Bill of Rights. (Benedict 1998, pp. 45-55) The U.S. Constitution produced a federal government with enough powers to both represent and unite the states, however did not displace state governments. This federal arrangement, by which the central federal government exercises delegated power over several issues and the state governments apply power over other issues, is one of the essential characteristics of the U.S. Constitution that ensures governmental power. References Breuilly, John. 1994. Nationalism and the State. 2nd ed. Chicago: Chicago University Press. Canovan, Margaret. 1996. Nationhood and Political Theory. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar. Gellner, Ernest. 1983. Nations and Nationalism. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Hobsbawm, Eric J. 1992. Nations and Nationalism Since 1780: Programme, Myth, Reality. 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press Delanty, Gerard and Krishan Kumar (eds) 2005 Handbook of National interest. London: Sage Publications Juergensmeyer, Mark. 1993. The New Cold War: Religious Nationalism Confronts the Secular State. Berkeley: University of California Press Miller, David. 1995. On national interest. Oxford University Press Tamir, Yael. 1993. National interest. Princeton University Press Anderson, Benedict. 1998. The Spectre of Comparison: Federalism, U.S. and the World. London: Verso. Brubaker, Rogers. 1996. Federalism: Federation and the National Question in the New Europe. Cambridge University Press